Things to know about Luxembourg before your next travel

Located in the heart of Western Europe, Luxembourg is a small but mighty nation that often flies under the radar of many travelers. This picturesque country, officially known as the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, packs a punch with its rich history, stunning landscapes, and vibrant culture. From its charming capital city to its rolling hills and lush forests, Luxembourg offers a unique blend of old-world charm and modern sophistication that’s sure to captivate any visitor. In this guide, we will talk about basic items to know about Luxembourg that will be helpful before your next travel.

Where is the Luxembourg located?

Luxembourg is a landlocked country in Western Europe, bordered by Belgium to the west and north, Germany to the east, and France to the south. Despite its small size, ranking 168th in the world with an area of just 2,586 square kilometers (998 square miles), Luxembourg plays a significant role in European politics and economics. Its strategic location at the crossroads of major European powers has shaped its history and continues to influence its present-day importance.

History Of Luxembourg

Luxembourg’s history is a tapestry woven with tales of conquest, resilience, and strategic importance. The country’s origins can be traced back to 963 AD when Count Siegfried acquired the Lucilinburhuc (“little castle”) and established what would become the medieval County of Luxembourg. Over the centuries, Luxembourg found itself under the rule of various European powers, including the Burgundians, Spanish, French, and Austrians.

The Congress of Vienna in 1815 elevated Luxembourg to the status of a Grand Duchy and placed it in personal union with the Netherlands. It wasn’t until 1867 that Luxembourg gained full independence, though it remained neutral through both World Wars. Despite being occupied by Nazi Germany during World War II, Luxembourg emerged as a founding member of the United Nations, NATO, and the European Union, cementing its place in modern European affairs.

Landscapes Of Luxembourg

Luxembourg’s landscapes are a testament to nature’s artistry, offering a diverse array of scenic beauty within its compact borders. The country’s topography is divided into two main regions: the hilly Oesling in the north and the flatter Gutland in the south.

In the north, the Ardennes region dominates, characterized by densely forested hills, deep valleys, and rushing streams. This area is a haven for hikers and nature enthusiasts, with the country’s highest point, the Kneiff, reaching 560 meters (1,837 feet) above sea level. The Oesling’s rugged terrain creates a stark contrast to the gentler landscapes found elsewhere in the country.

The southern two-thirds of Luxembourg, known as the Gutland or “Good Land,” presents a more pastoral scene. Here, you’ll find gently rolling hills, fertile farmlands, and picturesque river valleys. The Moselle Valley, famous for its vineyards, stretches along the eastern border with Germany, offering stunning views and world-class wines.

Geographical Regions

Luxembourg can be divided into five distinct geographical regions, each with its own unique character:

1. The Oesling: This northern region is part of the Ardennes massif and covers about a third of the country. It’s characterized by forested hills, narrow valleys, and fast-flowing rivers.
2. The Gutland: Covering the southern two-thirds of Luxembourg, this region features a more varied landscape, including plateaus, hills, and broad valleys.
3. The Moselle Valley: Located in the southeast, this region is famous for its vineyards and picturesque villages along the Moselle River.
4. The Red Lands: In the far south, this area gets its name from the iron-rich soil that once supported a thriving steel industry.
5. The Valley of the Seven Castles: This area in central Luxembourg is known for its concentration of medieval castles, offering a glimpse into the country’s feudal past.

Tourism In Luxembourg

Luxembourg may be small, but it’s packed with attractions that draw visitors from around the world. The capital, Luxembourg City, is a UNESCO World Heritage site, known for its old quarter and fortifications. The city’s Bock Casemates, a network of underground tunnels carved into the cliffs, offer a fascinating glimpse into the country’s military history.

Beyond the capital, tourists flock to the medieval castle of Vianden, perched dramatically on a hilltop. The picturesque town of Echternach, with its ancient abbey, draws pilgrims and history buffs alike. Nature lovers can explore the country’s numerous hiking trails, particularly in the Mullerthal region, often called “Little Switzerland” for its rocky landscapes.

Wine enthusiasts shouldn’t miss the Moselle Valley, where they can sample local vintages and enjoy scenic boat trips along the river. For a taste of Luxembourg’s industrial heritage, the Belval area in the south offers a unique blend of old steel furnaces and modern architecture.

Cuisines Of Luxembourg

Luxembourg’s cuisine is a delightful fusion of French sophistication and German heartiness, with a dash of local flair. The country’s culinary traditions reflect its history and geographical position, borrowing influences from its neighbors while maintaining a distinct identity. One of the most beloved national dishes is Judd mat Gaardebounen, a hearty combination of smoked pork collar and broad beans. Another local favorite is Bouneschlupp, a green bean soup often served with mettwurst sausage or bacon.

For those with a sweet tooth, Luxembourg offers treats like Quetschentaart (plum tart) and Verwurrelter (deep-fried pastry). The country is also known for its excellent locally produced wines, particularly from the Moselle Valley, as well as its own brand of beer. Don’t miss the opportunity to try Crémant de Luxembourg, a sparkling wine that rivals champagne in quality and taste. Whether you’re dining in a Michelin-starred restaurant in Luxembourg City or a cozy tavern in a rural village, you’re sure to find a meal that satisfies both your palate and your curiosity about local culture.

Population and Demographics

As of January 1, 2023, Luxembourg boasted a population of 660,809 inhabitants, marking a 2.4% increase from the previous year. This growth is part of a long-term trend, with the country’s population having increased by an impressive 81% since 1981. One of the most striking aspects of Luxembourg’s demographics is its diversity. The proportion of foreign nationals in the country has risen steadily over time, reaching 47.4% in 2023. This high percentage of non-nationals is a testament to Luxembourg’s international appeal and its role as a hub for European institutions and global finance.

The age structure of Luxembourg’s population has been evolving over recent decades. There’s been a relative decrease in the younger population (aged 0-19), while the proportion of those aged 40-64 and 80+ has been increasing. This gradual aging of the population reflects broader European demographic trends. However, Luxembourg’s continued influx of younger working-age immigrants helps to balance this trend somewhat. The gender distribution in Luxembourg is nearly even, with a slightly higher proportion of men (50.3%) compared to women (49.7%) as of 2023, largely due to patterns in international migration.

Languages Spoken In Luxembourg

Luxembourg’s linguistic landscape is as diverse and fascinating as its population. The country officially recognizes three languages: Luxembourgish, French, and German. This trilingual system is deeply ingrained in the country’s education system and daily life, making Luxembourg a truly multilingual society. Luxembourgish, a Moselle Franconian dialect of German, is the national language and is used primarily for spoken communication among Luxembourgers. It’s a source of national pride and identity, despite its limited use outside the country’s borders.

French serves as the language of legislation and is widely used in government administration and the business world. German, on the other hand, is commonly used in the media and is often the first foreign language taught in schools. In addition to these official languages, English is increasingly important, especially in the international business community and among the expatriate population. This linguistic diversity is not just a practical necessity but a reflection of Luxembourg’s history and its position at the crossroads of Germanic and Romance Europe. Visitors often find that they can get by with English, but attempting a few phrases in Luxembourgish is always appreciated by locals.

Travel Safety In Luxembourg

Luxembourg is generally considered a very safe country for travelers, with low crime rates and a stable political environment. The country consistently ranks high in global safety indexes, making it an ideal destination for solo travelers, families, and business visitors alike. Violent crime is rare, and most incidents that do occur tend to be opportunistic thefts in tourist areas or on public transport. As with any travel destination, it’s wise to keep an eye on your belongings and be aware of your surroundings, especially in crowded areas or late at night.

The country’s well-maintained infrastructure and efficient public services contribute to its overall safety. Roads are in excellent condition, and public transportation is reliable and safe. Healthcare services are of high quality, though they can be expensive for visitors from outside the EU. It’s always recommended to have comprehensive travel insurance. While natural disasters are not a significant concern, Luxembourg can experience occasional flooding in river valleys. The country’s emergency services are well-equipped to handle any situations that may arise. Overall, with common-sense precautions, travelers can expect a safe and worry-free visit to Luxembourg.

Emergency Numbers

• General Emergency: 112
• Police: 113
• Ambulance: 112
• Fire Brigade: 112
• Poison Control Center: (+352) 8002-5500

Currency Used

The official currency of Luxembourg is the Euro (€), which it adopted in 1999 as one of the first countries to join the Eurozone. Prior to this, Luxembourg used the Luxembourg franc, which was in a monetary union with the Belgian franc. The adoption of the Euro has significantly facilitated trade and travel within the European Union, making financial transactions seamless for visitors from other Eurozone countries.

Luxembourg’s strong economy and its position as a major financial center in Europe mean that currency exchange services are widely available. ATMs are plentiful, especially in urban areas, and credit cards are widely accepted in hotels, restaurants, and shops. However, it’s always a good idea to carry some cash, especially when visiting smaller towns or rural areas. Travelers from non-Eurozone countries should be aware of exchange rates and consider using bank cards that offer favorable international transaction fees.

Top 20 Cities Of Luxembourg

1. Luxembourg City
2. Esch-sur-Alzette
3. Differdange
4. Dudelange
5. Ettelbruck
6. Diekirch
7. Wiltz
8. Echternach
9. Remich
10. Grevenmacher
11. Bertrange
12. Mersch
13. Strassen
14. Pétange
15. Bettembourg
16. Schifflange
17. Kayl
18. Mamer
19. Mondorf-les-Bains
20. Hesperange

Interesting Facts About Luxembourg

1. Luxembourg is the world’s only remaining Grand Duchy.
2. It’s one of the smallest countries in Europe, but has the highest GDP per capita in the EU.
3. Luxembourg City is one of the three official capitals of the European Union.
4. The country has won the Eurovision Song Contest five times.
5. Luxembourg has the highest concentration of Michelin-starred restaurants per capita in the world.
6. It’s home to the second-largest investment fund center in the world after the United States.
7. The Schueberfouer, held annually in Luxembourg City, is one of Europe’s oldest fairs, dating back to 1340.
8. Luxembourg was the first country to make all public transport free nationwide.
9. The country has more than 50 castles, impressive for its small size.
10. Luxembourg’s national motto is “Mir wëlle bleiwe wat mir sinn” (We want to remain what we are).

Customs, Norms and Etiquettes

• Social Interactions:
  Luxembourgers are generally formal and reserved in their social interactions. When meeting someone for the first time, a firm handshake and direct eye contact are appropriate. Use titles (Monsieur, Madame) unless invited to use first names. Punctuality is highly valued, so be on time for appointments and social engagements.
• Dining Etiquette:
  Table manners are Continental – hold the fork in the left hand and the knife in the right while eating. It’s polite to wait for the host to begin eating before you start. If invited to a home, bringing a small gift like flowers or chocolates is appreciated. Avoid bringing wine unless you know the host’s preferences, as Luxembourgers are often proud of their wine selection.
• Business Culture:
  Business attire is formal and conservative. Meetings often begin with small talk, and it’s important to build relationships before diving into business matters. Decision-making can be slow and methodical, with an emphasis on consensus. Avoid high-pressure sales tactics, as they are generally not well-received.
• Language Courtesy:
  While many Luxembourgers speak multiple languages, it’s polite to ask which language they prefer to converse in. Making an effort to learn a few basic phrases in Luxembourgish is always appreciated.
• Public Behavior:
  Luxembourg values order and cleanliness. Littering, loud behavior in public, and public intoxication are frowned upon. Respect for the environment is important, so be mindful of recycling and energy conservation practices.
• Tipping Culture:
  Service charges are usually included in restaurant bills, but it’s common to round up the bill or leave a small additional tip for exceptional service. Tipping is not expected but appreciated in taxis and hotels.
• Respect for Privacy:
  Luxembourgers generally value their privacy. Avoid asking personal questions, especially about someone’s financial situation or political views, until you know them well.
• Holiday Observances:
  Luxembourg has several unique holidays and festivals. It’s respectful to be aware of these and understand that many businesses may be closed during major holidays like National Day (June 23).

---

External Resources

• World Factbook – Luxembourg:
  https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/luxembourg/
• Wiki Travel – Luxembourg:
  https://wikitravel.org/en/Luxembourg
• State Travel Advisory – Luxembourg:
  https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Luxembourg.html

---

These external links are provided for convenience and informational purposes only; they do not constitute an endorsement or approval of any products, services, or opinions of the organizations or individuals associated with the external sites. GlobLeo bears no responsibility for the accuracy, legality, or content of these external sites or for any subsequent links. For inquiries regarding the content of external sites, please contact them directly.