Things to know about Malta before your next travel

Malta, a small archipelago in the heart of the Mediterranean Sea, is a country that punches well above its weight in terms of history, culture, and natural beauty. This island nation, with its strategic location between Europe and Africa, has been a crossroads of civilizations for thousands of years. Today, it offers visitors a unique blend of ancient history, stunning landscapes, and modern amenities.

Where is the country located?

Malta is situated in the central Mediterranean Sea, about 93 km south of Sicily, Italy, and 288 km north of Libya. The country consists of three main islands: Malta (the largest), Gozo, and Comino, along with several smaller uninhabited islands. Its total land area is just over 316 square kilometers, making it one of the world’s smallest and most densely populated countries.

Explore Malta

• Malta [Country Info]

History of Malta

Malta’s history is a fascinating tapestry of different cultures and civilizations. The islands have been inhabited for over 7,000 years, with evidence of human settlement dating back to around 5900 BCE. Over the millennia, Malta has been ruled by various powers, including the Phoenicians, Romans, Arabs, Normans, Knights of St. John, French, and British.

One of the most significant periods in Malta’s history was the rule of the Knights of St. John from 1530 to 1798. During this time, the islands saw the construction of many impressive fortifications and baroque buildings, particularly in the capital city of Valletta. The British period, which lasted from 1800 to 1964, also left a lasting impact on Maltese culture and infrastructure.

Malta gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1964 and became a republic in 1974. In 2004, the country joined the European Union, and in 2008, it adopted the euro as its currency.

Landscapes of Malta

Despite its small size, Malta boasts a diverse and captivating landscape. The coastline is characterized by dramatic limestone cliffs, hidden coves, and sandy beaches. The interior of the islands features rolling hills, terraced fields, and picturesque villages.

One of Malta’s most striking natural features is the Blue Grotto, a series of sea caverns on the southern coast of Malta island. The crystal-clear waters and unique lighting conditions create a mesmerizing blue color that attracts thousands of visitors each year.

The island of Gozo, Malta’s sister island, is known for its more rural and tranquil atmosphere. It’s home to the Dwejra Bay, where the famous Azure Window once stood before collapsing in 2017. The bay still offers breathtaking views and excellent diving opportunities.

Geographical Regions of Malta

Malta can be divided into several distinct geographical regions:

1. The Northern Region: Characterized by rocky beaches and holiday resorts.
2. The Central Region: Home to the capital city Valletta and densely populated urban areas.
3. The Southern Region: Known for its fishing villages and less developed coastline.
4. Gozo: The second-largest island, with a more rural landscape and traditional way of life.
5. Comino: A tiny island famous for its Blue Lagoon and pristine beaches.

Tourism In Malta

Tourism is a major pillar of Malta’s economy, attracting millions of visitors each year. The country’s rich history, beautiful beaches, and Mediterranean climate make it a popular destination for sun-seekers, history buffs, and culture enthusiasts alike.

Some of the top attractions include:

1. Valletta: The capital city and a UNESCO World Heritage site, known for its baroque architecture and historical sites like St. John’s Co-Cathedral.
2. Mdina: The former capital, also known as the “Silent City,” with its well-preserved medieval architecture.
3. The Megalithic Temples: Some of the oldest free-standing structures in the world, predating the Egyptian pyramids.
4. Blue Lagoon: A picturesque bay on the island of Comino with crystal-clear turquoise waters.
5. Gozo: Known for its rural charm, beautiful beaches, and the Ġgantija Temples.

Maltese Cuisines

Maltese cuisine is a delightful mix of Mediterranean flavors with influences from Italian, North African, and British cooking. Traditional dishes often feature fresh seafood, locally grown vegetables, and aromatic herbs. Some popular Maltese specialties include pastizzi (savory pastries filled with ricotta or mushy peas), rabbit stew (fenek), and ftira (a type of flatbread topped with various ingredients).

One of the most iconic Maltese dishes is timpana, a baked pasta dish enclosed in a pastry crust. For those with a sweet tooth, try the kannoli (similar to Italian cannoli) or the honey rings known as qagħaq tal-għasel. Malta also produces its own wines, with local varieties like Ġellewża and Ghirghentina gaining popularity among wine enthusiasts.

Population and Demographics

As of 2021, Malta’s population stood at approximately 519,562, making it one of the most densely populated countries in the world. The majority of the population lives on the main island of Malta, with smaller communities on Gozo and Comino.

Malta’s demographic makeup has been shaped by its long history of foreign rule and its strategic location. The majority of the population is of Maltese descent, but there are also significant communities of British, Italian, and North African origin. In recent years, Malta has seen an increase in immigration, particularly from other EU countries and North Africa.

Languages Spoken In Malta

The official languages of Malta are Maltese and English. Maltese is a unique language that reflects the country’s complex history. It’s the only Semitic language written in the Latin alphabet and is believed to have evolved from an Arabic dialect with strong influences from Italian, particularly Sicilian.

English is widely spoken and used in business, education, and administration. Many Maltese people are bilingual, and you’ll find that most locals can communicate effectively in English. Italian is also commonly understood, especially among the older generation, due to the country’s proximity to Italy and the influence of Italian media.

Travel Safety In Malta

Malta is generally considered a safe destination for travelers. The crime rate is relatively low, and violent crime against tourists is rare. However, as with any popular tourist destination, petty theft and pickpocketing can occur, especially in crowded areas and on public transportation.

It’s advisable to take standard precautions such as being aware of your surroundings, keeping valuables secure, and avoiding walking alone in unfamiliar areas at night. Malta’s beaches are generally safe, but be cautious of strong currents and follow local advice and warning flags.

Emergency Numbers In Malta

• General Emergency: 112
• Police: 21224001
• Ambulance: 196
• Fire: 199
• Sea Rescue: 21238797

Currency Used

Since 2008, Malta has used the euro (€) as its official currency. Prior to this, the country used the Maltese lira. The transition to the euro has made travel and trade with other Eurozone countries more convenient for both locals and visitors.

ATMs are widely available throughout Malta, and credit cards are accepted in most hotels, restaurants, and shops. However, it’s always a good idea to carry some cash, especially when visiting smaller towns or rural areas where card payments might not be as common.

Top 20 cities of Malta

1. Valletta
2. Birkirkara
3. Mosta
4. Qormi
5. Zabbar
6. Sliema
7. Naxxar
8. San Gwann
9. Marsascala
10. Rabat
11. Fgura
12. Zejtun
13. St. Paul’s Bay
14. Hamrun
15. Vittoriosa (Birgu)
16. Attard
17. Marsaxlokk
18. Mellieha
19. Balzan
20. Msida

Interesting Facts About Malta

1. Malta is home to some of the oldest free-standing structures in the world, the Megalithic Temples, dating back to 3600 BCE.
2. The capital city, Valletta, is the smallest national capital in the European Union.
3. Malta has no forests, rivers, or mountains.
4. The Maltese cross, a symbol associated with the Knights of Malta, is featured on the country’s euro coins.
5. Malta was awarded the George Cross for bravery during World War II, and the medal appears on the national flag.
6. The famous Popeye Village, built as a film set for the 1980 musical “Popeye,” is now a popular tourist attraction.
7. Malta has three UNESCO World Heritage Sites: Valletta, the Megalithic Temples, and the Hal Saflieni Hypogeum.
8. The islands have been used as filming locations for numerous movies and TV shows, including “Game of Thrones” and “Gladiator.”
9. Malta has one of the lowest unemployment rates in the European Union.
10. The country has no railway system, but its extensive bus network covers most of the islands.

Customs, Norms and Etiquettes

• Greetings and Interactions:
  Maltese people are generally warm and friendly. A handshake is the common greeting in formal situations, while friends and family might greet each other with a kiss on both cheeks. It’s polite to maintain eye contact during conversations.
• Dress Code:
  While Malta is a Mediterranean country with a relaxed atmosphere, it’s important to dress modestly when visiting churches or religious sites. Beachwear should be confined to beach areas and not worn in towns or cities.
• Dining Etiquette:
  When invited to a Maltese home for a meal, it’s customary to bring a small gift such as wine, chocolates, or flowers. It’s polite to wait for the host to start eating before you begin. Leaving a small amount of food on your plate is considered polite, as it suggests you’ve had enough to eat.
• Religious Customs:
  Malta is predominantly Catholic, and religious traditions are an important part of the culture. It’s respectful to maintain a quiet demeanor when visiting churches, especially during services.
• Punctuality:
  While Maltese people are generally relaxed about time, it’s best to be punctual for business meetings and formal appointments.
• Tipping:
  Tipping is appreciated but not mandatory in Malta. In restaurants, a tip of 5-10% is common if service charge is not included. Taxi drivers and hotel staff also appreciate small tips for good service.

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External Resources

• World Factbook – Malta:
  https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/malta/
• Wiki Travel – Malta:
  https://wikitravel.org/en/Malta
• State Travel Advisory – Malta:
  https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Malta.html

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